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RGB interface definition of parallel transmission mode

Date:2023-09-06

　　In this article, we discuss one of the interface methods of the industrial LCD screen -RGB interface of parallel transmission method, and how to generate line and column drive signals from the RGB interface in parallel transmission.

　　RGB interface of parallel transmission method

　　First of all, Transmitting RGB data in parallel mode, that is, each base color signal data uses a separate data wire for transmission.Corresponding to the 8 -bit LCD panel,the three sub -pixels of R, G, and B use 8 -bit respectively. According to the amount of data, the RGB data is 24 bits, and the RGB data cable also has a total of 24 pieces. Metaphors to queue, and the parallel transmission data is to line each base data into a horizontal team and output together.

　　TFT panel work principle

　　Next, let's talk about the basic working principles of the TFT panel. LCD display is composed of a series of liquid chip. The crystal itself is not bright which is organized in a random mode,when there is no electric field. When the electric field is applied, the crystal is aimed at the electric field. Electric fields of various intensity are like a "door" that makes the backlight of different strength pass through the crystal. When the crystal is arranged vertically on the backlight, the backlight cannot pass through the crystal. From the perspective of electronic structure, the LCD panel consists of a grid of the electrical signal. Pixels are treated by a matrix, and each interaction belongs to a pixel. Each pixel is connected vertically with rows and columns through a transistor. When the lines and columns are selected by the integrated circuit controller, the pixels under the interaction of the row and column are enabled or disabled.

　　A pixel generates a specific color

　　In order to make a pixel produce a specific color, one pixel consists of 3 sections. They are used through red, green, and blue filter to form an RGB pixel. For a 320*240 RGB TFT display, there is actually 960 (320X3) columns and 240 lines.

　　Most LCDs have an RGB interface with parallel transmission method, which is located between the graphic controller as the signal source and the input of the display module.The RGB interface is responsible for sending image data information (gray level and color) in real time. Image data transmits through the TTL voltage level to "0" or "1" in a digital manner. For the RGB interface, each signal has a corresponding line. Below is a signal connection of the RGB interface of each pixel 24bits.

　　Vertical synchronization vsync sets the beginning of a new frame. There is no image data during the VSYNC synchronization pulse, and these data are marked as VBP and VFP. The same principle is also applicable to HSYNC synchronous pulse, using HBP and HFP marks. HSYNC pulse is responsible for a new line. Between the two HSYNC pulses, the gray -level RGB color data of a line (line) must be transmitted. Since the TFT display can drive 3 segments (1 pixel) per clock, the length of the LCD CLK is determined by the number of resolution columns. For example, the resolution of a TFT display is 480*272. We assume the following parameters: