Hangzhou Xuhong Technology Co.,Ltd
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The interface types of LCD screens are very diverse, and the most commonly used interfaces are mainly RGB MCU, LVDS, MIPI interfaces. In this article, we will briefly introduce the structural principles of these LCD screen interfaces.
1、RGB interface
The RGB interface of an LCD screen provides rich and colorful colors by changing and combining the red (R), green (G), and blue (B) color channels, RGB represents the colors of the red, green, and blue channels, and their combination almost includes all colors perceived by human vision, making it one of the most commonly used color systems. So the RGB interface of the LCD screen is a video interface that is divided into three primary colors for input. Usually, a color channel is represented by 8 bits, meaning that the range of values for each color channel is 0-255, commonly known as RGB888/RGB24. Three color channels can be combined to create approximately. In practical use, in addition to RGB888/RGB24, there is also RGB555 RGB565, RGB32, RGB666, and so on.
2、MCU interface
The MCU interface of LCD screens is mainly aimed at the field of microcontrollers. Widely used on smaller phones, the main advantage is its affordable price. The standard for MCU interface is Intel's 8080 bus standard, so I80 is used in many documents to refer to MCU interface screens. The MCU interface mode is divided into 8080 mode and 6800 mode, mainly due to the difference in timing. The data bit transmission includes 8 bits, 16 bits, 18 bits, and 24 bits. The connections are divided into CS/RS/RD/WR/. The advantage is that the control is simple and convenient, without the need for clocks and synchronization signals. The disadvantage is that it requires GRAM, so it is difficult to achieve a large screen, which is usually used below 4 inches. For the LCM with MCU interface, its internal chip is called an LCD driver. The main function is to transform the data/commands sent by the host into RGB data for each pixel, so that it can be displayed on the screen. This process does not require a point, line, or frame clock.
3、LVDS interface
The LVDS interface of LCD screens, also known as Low Voltage Differential Signaling, is a low-voltage differential signal technology interface. Overcoming the high power consumption when transmitting broadband high bit rate data using TTL level A digital video signal transmission method developed to address the drawbacks of EMI, such as high electromagnetic interference. The LVDS output interface utilizes a very low voltage swing (about 350mV) to transmit data through differential transmission on two PCBs or a pair of balanced cables, that is, low-voltage differential signal transmission. By using the LVDS output interface, signals can be transmitted at a rate of several hundred Mbits/s on differential PCB lines or balanced cables. Due to the use of low-voltage and low current driving methods, low noise and low power consumption are achieved.
4、MIPI interface
The MIPI interface for LCD screens is the abbreviation for Mobile Industry Processor Interface. MIPI (Mobile Industry Processor Interface) is an open standard developed by the MIPI Alliance for mobile application processors. MIPI is a relatively new standard, and its specifications are constantly being modified and improved. Currently, mature interface applications include DSI (Display Interface) and CSI (Camera Interface). CSI/DSI refers to the complex protocol structure that it carries for Camera or Display applications.
In the process of selecting and customizing LCD screens, the type of LCD interface used mainly depends on the interface of the motherboard. Through software driven matching, the screen is lit up to achieve the display scheme of the product.
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